Entry

Kaloti

The downstream end of the chain: refiners and smelters that turn dore and concentrate into refined metal.

TypeRefinery / smelterRelationships3Claims held3Checked2026-09First held2026-08
How this entry is evidenced

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Single source3
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located in · As reportedsources from · As reportedsupplies · HistoricalKaloti — Refinery / smelterUnited Arab Emirates — Jurisdiction / administrative areaCentral Bank of Sudan — Financial institutionValcambi — Refinery / smelter
United Arab Emirates
Relationships

Showing 3 of 3

Closed links stay on the page and are marked historical. An expired title or a former operator is a finding.

Where a source does not establish that a relationship continues, its present status is undetermined. An absent end date is not evidence that it is current.

Geography1

located inUnited Arab EmiratesJurisdiction / administrative areaSingle source
As reported
Evidence

One source states this, and it is labelled as one source.

  • LocatorGlobal Witness — Beneath the Shine: A Tale of Two Gold Refiners (July 2020), reproduced by martellorisk.comDocumentrecord:value-chain-round4-2026-08-29 · externalLinkmartellorisk.com/gold_drug_money-2-2/ QuoteHeld, display gated pending the permissions review.

SourceGlobal WitnessOrigingold-hubAsserted2026-08-29

Chain of custody2

sources fromCentral Bank of SudanFinancial institutionSingle source
As reportedProduct formgold
Evidence

One source states this, and it is labelled as one source.

  • LocatorGlobal Witness — Beneath the Shine: A Tale of Two Gold Refiners (July 2020), reproduced by martellorisk.comDocumentrecord:value-chain-round4-2026-08-29 · externalLinkmartellorisk.com/gold_drug_money-2-2/ QuoteHeld, display gated pending the permissions review.

SourceGlobal WitnessOrigingold-hubAsserted2026-08-29

suppliesValcambiRefinery / smelterSingle source
Historical · 2012 → 2019
Evidence

One source states this, and it is labelled as one source.

  • LocatorBusiness & Human Rights Resource Centre mirror of Global Witness, "Beneath the Shine: A Tale of Two Gold Refiners" (16 July 2020) — direct Global Witness fetch 403'd, quote recovered via this mirror, which names and dates the originalDocumentrecord:global-witness-beneath-the-shine-2020 · externalLinkwww.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/global-witness-inves QuoteHeld, display gated pending the permissions review.

SourceGlobal WitnessOrigingold-hubObserved2020-07-16Asserted2026-09-03

Sequence
  1. 2012supplies · ValcambiStart
  2. 2019supplies · ValcambiHistorical
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Where this entry comes from